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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">apgp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы государства и права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Issues of the State and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-9340</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3334</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20310/2587-9340-2026-10-3-343-350</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">CAITRA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">apgp-514</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩАЯ ТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ ПРАВА И ГОСУДАРСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL THEORY AND HISTORY OF LAW AND THE STATE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Матрилинейные клановые общества в Древнем Китае: теоретико-правовой анализ археологических, генетических и лингвистических источников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Matrilineal clan societies in Ancient China: a theoretical and legal analysis of archaeological, genetic and linguistic sources</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8082-2113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панькина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панькина Надежда Александровна, старший преподаватель кафедры теории и истории государства и права</p><p>603951, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Нестерова, 5а </p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1186876" ext-link-type="uri">1186876</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezda A. Pankina, Senior Lecturer, Theory and History of State and Law Department</p><p>5a Nesterova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603951</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1186876" ext-link-type="uri">1186876</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pankina_84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО "Волжский государственный университет водного транспорта"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volga State University of Water Transport</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>343</fpage><lpage>350</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панькина Н.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панькина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pankina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://apgp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/514">https://apgp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/514</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предпринят теоретико-правовой анализ матрилинейного кланового общества в Древнем Китае. На основе новых археологических и генетических данных (поселение Фуцзя, культура Давэнькоу, ок. 2750–2500 гг. до н.э.) рассматривается альтернативная патриархальной модель организации родства и власти. Автор фокусируется на правовых последствиях матрилинейного принципа: специфике правосубъектности, механизмах наследования, брачно-семейных запретах и внутриклановой юрисдикции. Прослеживается трансформация этих правовых институтов в процессе перехода к патрилинейной системе, закреплённой в чжоуском праве. Обосновывается вывод о том, что матрилинейное клановое общество представляет собой не маргинальный феномен, а одну из исторических форм правовой организации социума, понимание которой необходимо для реконструкции генезиса китайской правовой традиции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A theoretical and legal analysis of the matrilineal clan society in Ancient China has been undertaken. Based on new archaeological and genetic data (Fujia settlement, Dawenkou culture, circa 2750–2500 BCE), an alternative to the patriarchal model of kinship and power organization is considered. The author focuses on the legal consequences of the matrilineal principle: the specifics of legal capacity, mechanisms of inheritance, marriage and family prohibitions, and intra-clan jurisdiction. The transformation of these legal institutions during the transition to the patrilineal system, as enshrined in Zhou law, has been traced. The conclusion is justified that a matrilineal clan society is not a marginal phenomenon, but one of the historical forms of legal organization of society, the understanding of which is necessary for reconstructing the genesis of the Chinese legal tradition.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теоретико-правовой анализ</kwd><kwd>правосубъектность</kwd><kwd>клановое право</kwd><kwd>наследование</kwd><kwd>матрилинейное клановое общество</kwd><kwd>Древний Китай</kwd><kwd>брачная экзогамия</kwd><kwd>патриархат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>theoretical and legal analysis</kwd><kwd>legal capacity</kwd><kwd>clan law</kwd><kwd>inheritance</kwd><kwd>matrilineal clan society</kwd><kwd>Ancient China</kwd><kwd>marital exogamy</kwd><kwd>patriarchy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черных С.С. 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