An analysis of modern scientific views on the concept of “economic security” is carried out. Scientific approaches in economic and legal research to the formulation of “economic security” concept and its essence are analyzed. The features of the legislative consolidation of this concept in different periods of development of the state and society are also analyzed. The study covers the period of time from the formation of the Concept of Economic Security in the Russian Federation to the present day. The main regulatory acts for the specified period in the field of ensuring the economic and national security of the state are characterized, changes in the legislator’s approaches to the essence and content of these concepts are identified. The problems of normative consolidation of the concept of “economic security” are identified, and ways to solve them are proposed. The author’s formulation of the concept of “economic security” is proposed, as well as the formulation of a semantic series of related concepts: “economic security system”; “economic security level”; “economic security assessment”; “ensuring economic security.” The necessity of approval by the Government of the Russian Federation of a document (“National Economic Standard” or “Indicators of the Sustainability of the National Economy”), which will list significant economic indicators and their threshold values characterizing the economic security of the state, is substantiated. This document will serve as a guideline for assessing activities to ensure economic security and the basis for determining the level of economic security. The thesis about the need for objectivity and information content of the legal concept of “economic security” is substantiated. Such a concept should be used uniformly in regulations, and therefore in scientific constructions.