apgpАктуальные проблемы государства и праваCurrent Issues of the State and Law2587-93402782-3334Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина10.20310/2587-9340-2026-10-3-426-440AATMASapgp-974Research ArticleПРОБЛЕМЫ ЧАСТНОГО И ПУБЛИЧНОГО ПРАВАISSUES OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC LAWЭволютивное толкование обычных норм международного права в практике международных судовEvolutionary interpretation of customary rules of international law in the practice of international courtshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-9096СварчевскийК. Г.SvarchevskyK. G.

Сварчевский Константин Геннадьевич, кандидат юридических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой гражданского права

197046, г. Санкт-Петербург, Александровский парк, 5

РИНЦ AuthorID: 431054, ResearcherID: AAV-6360-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57223105040

Konstantin G. Svarchevsky, Cand Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Head of the Civil Law Department

5 Alexandrovsky Park, Saint Petersburg, 197046

RSCI AuthorID: 431054, ResearcherID: AAV-6360-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57223105040

svarchewsky@yandex.ruФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный университет правосудия им. В.М. Лебедева», Северо-Западный филиалРоссияNorth-West Branch of the Russian State University of Justice named after V.M. LebedevRussian Federation202624092026103426440Copyright © Сварчевский К.Г., 20262026Сварчевский К.Г.Svarchevsky K.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://apgp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/974

Исследование посвящено анализу концепции эволютивного толкования в международном праве с акцентом на возможность и пределы ее применения к нормам международного обычного права. На основе практики Европейского суда по правам человека, Международного суда ООН, международных уголовных трибуналов и арбитражей исследовано использование эволютивного (динамического) толкования за пределами договорного права. Проведено разграничение узкого и широкого понимания эволютивного толкования, проанализирована роль семантических изменений юридических терминов, последующей практики государств и opinio juris. Сделан вывод о том, что, несмотря на отсутствие формализованных критериев, эволютивное толкование международного обычного права фактически применяется международными судами для адаптации норм к изменяющимся условиям при сохранении баланса между правовой определенностью и динамическим развитием международного права.

The study is dedicated to the analysis of the concept of evolutionary interpretation in international law, with an emphasis on the possibilities and limits of its application to the norms of international customary law. Based on the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, the International Court of Justice, international criminal tribunals, and arbitrations, the use of evolutionary (dynamic) interpretation beyond treaty law has been examined. A distinction has been made between the narrow and broad understanding of evolutionary interpretation, and the role of semantic changes in legal terms, subsequent state practice, and opinio juris has been analyzed. It is concluded that, despite the absence of formalized criteria, the evolutionary interpretation of international customary law is effectively applied by international courts to adapt norms to changing conditions while maintaining a balance between legal certainty and the dynamic development of international law.

эволютивное толкованиединамическое толкованиемеждународное обычное правотолкование норм международного правапрактика международных судовМеждународный суд ООНЕвропейский суд по правам человекамеждународные уголовные трибуналыopinio jurisправовые трендыэффективность международного праваevolutionary interpretationdynamic interpretationcustomary international lawinterpretation of international law normspractice of international courtsInternational Court of JusticeEuropean Court of Human Rightsinternational criminal tribunalsopinio jurislegal trendseffectiveness of international lawReferencesHelmersen S.T. Evolutive Treaty Interpretation: Legality, Semantics and Distinctions // European Journal of Legal Studies. 2013. № 6. P. 161-196.Helmersen S.T. (2013). Evolutive Treaty Interpretation: Legality, Semantics and Distinctions. European Journal of Legal Studies, no. 6, pp. 161-196.Triantafilous E.E. Contemporaneity and its Limits in Treaty Interpretation. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.